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Imitation with Children on the Autism Spectrum. By Lauren Lowry. Hanen Certified SLP and Clinical Staff Writer. What Is Imitation? Imitation involves a child’s ability to copy others’.. Typically- developing children learn to imitate in infancy. If you watch a baby and his mother interacting, you will likely see both baby and mother imitating each other’s sounds, actions, and facial expressions. This back- and- forth imitation is really an early conversation without words, and it helps infants learn to [1]: express interest in their caregiver for social reasons (as opposed to expressing basic needs like food or sleep)share an emotion with their caregivertake turnspay attention to their caregiver.

Children use imitation throughout infancy and early childhood to have social exchanges with their caregivers and to learn new things [1, 2]. Infants first imitate their caregiver’s actions with toys and objects, and they then go on to imitate gestures during the second year of life [1]. Toddlers interact by copying each other’s actions with toys, and this kind of imitation increases throughout early childhood. Imitation in Children with Autism. Children with autism often have great difficulty with imitation. Researchers have studied the imitation abilities of children with autism, and the effect this has on other areas of development. They have found that [1,3]: their ability to imitate gestures and body movements predicts their language outcomes  their ability to imitate actions with objects is related to the development of their play skillstheir difficulty with imitating other children’s actions affects their peer playthey need to develop some imitation skills before they are able to acquire joint attention (the ability to  share a focus with another person on an object)Due to its connection to other areas of development, many researchers have suggested that imitation is an important focus of intervention for children with autism, and that teaching imitation should result in improvements in children’s overall social abilities [1,2].

Teaching Imitation. Many researchers have suggested that imitation is an important focus of intervention for children with autism. A common way to teach children with autism to imitate involves having the child respond to the adult’s prompt to “Do this”, helping the child imitate the adult’s actions, and then rewarding the child’s correct attempt with a “reinforcer”, which could be a food or access to a favourite toy. This is the approach used in structured, behavioural therapy (often called “Applied Behavioural Analysis” or “Discrete Trial Training”). Imitation is drilled repetitively in this way, with the therapist selecting the toys or objects as well as the reinforcers. While this approach helps children learn new things by copying others, it ignores the social role of imitation [1].  Typically developing babies and young children play copycat with their caregivers and peers for the pure joy of sharing a common focus and being together. This social role of imitation is important because it allows children to engage in back- and- forth social exchanges with caregivers and peers, and it lays the foundation for later social abilities. Teaching Imitation During Natural, Social Interactions.

Another way to teach imitation involves using a more natural approach. This approach is based on: including the child’s interestsmotivating the child to imitate; andpromoting the social role of imitation. Much of the work on this type of approach comes from Dr.

Imitation (from Latin imitatio, "a copying, imitation") is an advanced behavior whereby an individual observes and replicates another's behavior. The regional finals are being played online as well, so the chances of dandaking qualifying through that gauntlet are much, much lower. Nonetheless, you have to.

Brooke Ingersoll, a psychologist from Michigan State University, who researches the area of imitation in autism. Ingersoll and her colleagues have studied the effects of using a “naturalistic” approach for teaching imitation to young children with autism and found good results [2]: Children have learned to imitate actions with objects and gestures. They maintain their skills once the therapy is finished and are able to use the skills in other situations beyond the therapy environment. Working on imitation in this way has resulted in improvements in other skills, such as children’s ability to imitate language and gestures, their pretend play, joint attention skills (their ability to  share a focus with another person on an object), and social skills. Promoting Children’s Imitation Skills at Home. In response to the research on the social role of imitation in autism, The Hanen Centre has developed a new resource for parents: Take Out the Toys: Building Early Toy Play for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Social Communication Difficulties [4].

This is the second booklet in the Make Play ROCK™ booklet series, which gives parents strategies for building their child’s play skills, while also promoting important social interaction and communication skills. Take Out the Toys shows parents how they can encourage their child to imitate functional play with toys.  Functional play involves playing with toys in expected or conventional ways, such as pushing a toy car, stacking rings or blocks, or putting shapes in a shape sorter.

Take Out the Toys describes how caregivers can help their child imitate some simple, functional actions with toys by: observing their child’s functional play with toys and objectsimitating their child’s actions. This gets an interaction going, motivates the child, and helps him pay attention to his parents because they are imitating what he is doing with a toy of his choice. Imitation of a child’s actions often leads to the child imitating the parent’s action, which gets a back- and- forth interaction going. For example, if the child has been banging on a drum with his hand, the parent may grab a drum stick and bang on the drum, then hand the stick to the child.

Learning to imitate actions with toys and objects is the first step in learning to imitate, because object imitation is easier for children with autism than other forms of imitation (such as imitating gestures, facial expression, or sounds) [1]. By following their child’s lead and building on toys and actions in which their child shows an interest, parents can help their child learn to imitate a variety of functional actions with toys. This will expand the child’s play skills and set the stage for the development of other social communication skills.

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What’s more, because parents are encouraging imitation during natural social interactions that happen at home, the child will have more opportunities to practice, and he’ll be more likely to start using this skill in everyday life. Imitation is more than just a simple game of copycat. For children with autism, it’s a key skill that they need to develop in order to progress in their social, play, and language development. By learning to imitate, children also discover fun new ways to interact with other people, and it’s during these social interactions that they learn the most. References. 1. Ingersoll, B. The Social Role of Imitation in Autism: Implications for the Treatment of Imitation Deficits. Infants & Young Children, 2.

Ingersoll, B. (2. Brief Report: Effect of a Focused Imitation Intervention on Social Functioning in Children with Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 4. Ingersoll, B. & Schreibman, L. Watch Across The Line: The Exodus Of Charlie Wright Tube Free there. Teaching Reciprocal Imitation Skills to Young Children with Autism Using a Naturalistic Behavioral Approach: Effects on Language, Pretend Play, and Joint Attention. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 3. Sussman, F. & Weitzman, E. Watch After Midnight Online Hoyts.

Take out the Toys: Building Early Toy Play for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Social Communication Difficulties. Toronto, ON: The Hanen Centre. The Hanen Centre is a Canadian not- for- profit charitable organization with a global reach. Its mission is to provide parents, caregivers, early childhood educators and speech- language pathologists with the knowledge and training they need to help young children develop the best possible language, social and literacy skills.